A recent paper not yet mentioned:
Endothiodon tolani is identified for the first time for the Metangula Graben, Mozambique.
Endothiodon tolani and Endothiodon bathystoma seem to have coexisted.
The specimens of Endothiodon from Mozambique are compared extensively with those of the Main Karoo Basin in South Africa as well as from other African Karoo basins.
The diagnosing features of Endothiodon are critically reassessed.
Additional knowledge on the postcranium of Endothiodon is provide by the wealth of specimens from the Metangula Graben.
Abstract
Endothiodon is amongst the most cosmopolitan, easily identified and bizarre genera from the middle/late Permian. Its complex and unique feeding system with continuous replacement waves of teeth and its cranial morphology make it stand out among dicynodonts. Our increased sample of Endothiodon specimens from the K5 Formation (Middle/Late Permian) of the Metangula Graben (Niassa, Mozambique) raises new interest in the evolutionary history and taxonomy of the genus. Here we describe the anatomy of 111 new Endothiodon specimens from Mozambique and identify the presence of multiple specimens of E. tolani in possible co-occurrence with E. bathystoma, pending a more refined stratigraphic placement of E. bathystoma morph specimens. The overwhelming majority of specimens collected in the Metangula Graben are ascribable to Endothiodon. This scenario raises multiple evolutionary hypotheses for the genus with significant taxonomic implications. Importantly, the Mozambican specimens shed new light into the patterns of variation, ontogeny and dimorphism of endothiodont characters and Endothiodon autapomorphies.
==========