Re: NEORNITHINE PHYLOGENY etc / Gondwanan groups

["João S. Lopes Filho" <jodan99@uol.com.br>]

But, how about the presence of a fossil ostrich in Early Miocene in Africa?
Ostriches came from Asia to Africa...or vice-versa?

To illustrate my ideas, let me divide mammalian fauna of Africa in three
strata
Stratum 1: inhabitants of an isolated post-Gondwanan Africa
Afrotheria (aardvarks, elephants, tenrecs, hyraxes,etc)
Stratum 2: invaders in Late Palaeocene and/or Early Eocene (cf. Fayum fauna)
anthracotherians, hyaenodonts, "insectivores", primates, hystrichomorph
rodents, marsupials
Stratum 3: invaders in Early Miocene
carnivorans, "advanced" artiodactyls, perissodactyls, sciuromorph and
myomorph rodents, etc

I'd like to know if there's some analogous pattern for the birds. Were
Ostriches from Stratum 1 or 2 or 3?


Joao SL
Rio

----- Original Message -----
From: David Marjanovic <David.Marjanovic@gmx.at>
To: The Dinosaur Mailing List <dinosaur@usc.edu>
Sent: Monday, July 30, 2001 3:24 PM
Subject: Re: NEORNITHINE PHYLOGENY etc / Gondwanan groups


> Some days ago, I wrote...
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "David Marjanovic" <david.marjanovic@gmx.at>
> To: "The Dinosaur Mailing List" <dinosaur@usc.edu>
> Sent: Wednesday, July 25, 2001 3:26 PM
> Subject: Re: NEORNITHINE PHYLOGENY etc / Gondwanan groups
>
>
> > ostriches and rheas (sister groups)
>
> Wrong. I had already forgotten the newest mtDNA phylogeny of ratites:
>
> Alan Cooper, Carles Lalueza-Fox, Simon Anderson, Andrew Rambaut, Jeremy
> Austin & Ryk Ward: Complete mitochondrial genome sequences of two extinct
> moas clarify ratite evolution, Nature 409, 704 -- 706 (8 February 2001)
>
> (tinamous and chicken as outgroups)
> --+--------------------------------- Rhea
>     `---+---------------------+----- *Emeus*
>           |                                 `------- *Dinornis*
>           `--+--------------------------------------Ostrich
>                `--+........--> Elephant-bird
>                     |----------------------- Kiwi
>                     `--------+------------- Cassowary
>                                   `------------ Emu
>
> position of elephant-birds based on very fragmentary mtDNA from
*Mullerornis
> agilis*
>
> I've tried to make the branch lengths more or less proportional to the
> original figure (------------- ~ 0.1 substitutions per site ;-) ).
> Results -- except for the ostrich ratite mtDNA evolved a lot like a
> molecular clock, elephant-birds must have crossed India without staying
> there while ostriches were delivered on it to Asia, and this all happened
in
> the LK when the Kerguelen Plateau was still a land bridge. And none left
any
> fossils... I expect further surprises from LK Antarctica.
>
> I've got the same virus another 12 times...
>
> ************************************************
> The informatics chief of Celera Genomics is called Gene Myers.
>