RE: Cost in Aquatic Birds (the big one)

["Williams, Tim" <TiJaWi@agron.iastate.edu>]

Jim Cunningham wrote:

> Not necessarily.  The timing of the pronation, supination, and locus of 
> various points throughout the wing or flipper are very important, to 
> keep from wasting  energy in lift production instead of putting it into 
> thrust production. 

I'm going to reveal my ignorance here and ask if you might define
'pronation' and 'supination' in the context of avian flight.

> Tom Clancy is a Robert A. Heinlein fan.  I think he may write books
> too?

Ah yes, Mr Tom 'Gun-Control-is-holding-it-with-both-hands' Clancy.  I never
much cared for Heinlein, but I find Clancy readable.

> Now that Clancy has sort of shifted the John Ryan books into an
> alternate universe, I keep expecting Hazel Stone to show up in a
> cameo.

Perhaps she can help Jack Ryan against those Ebola-wielding Iraqis, should
they ever return.


Tim

------------------------------------------------------------ 

Timothy J. Williams 

USDA-ARS Researcher 
Agronomy Hall 
Iowa State University 
Ames IA 50014 

Phone: 515 294 9233 
Fax:   515 294 3163