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Fwd: Paleo in Grand Staircase-Escalate Nat. Monument>>read and weep!



In a message dated 9/7/99 2:19:07 PM Eastern Daylight Time, 
nrugs.jkirklan@state.ut.us writes:

> I thought this would be of interest. Probably should be considered a new 
> issue for SAFE. From today's Deseret News.
>  
>  http://www.desnews.com/dn/view/1,1249,115007501,00.html?
>  
>  Monument plan could doom dinosaur digs 
>  
>                 Conflicts over use of area worry researcher
>  
>                 By Jerry Spangler
>                 Deseret News staff writer
>  
>                       When President Clinton created the Grand Staircase-
> Escalante National Monument in southern Utah, he
>                 marveled at the paleontological treasures that would be 
> preserved for scientific study.
>                       In fact, he listed the study of ancient fossils as 
one 
> of the primary reasons for creating the monument.
>                       But when a final monument management plan is adopted 
> later this year, almost half of the 1.9 million-acre
>                 monument will likely be off limits to large-scale 
> paleontological excavations, as well as some archaeological
>                 research.
>                       And there is nothing monument managers can do about 
it.
>                       "There is no problem with going out and doing 
research,"
>  said monument manager Jerry Meredith. "But
>                 there could be problems if excavations were involved."
>                       That's because provisions of the 1964 Wilderness Act 
> preclude most activities that disturb the ground or
>                 use mechanized equipment. And almost 900,000 acres of the 
> monument fall under provisions of the act as
>                 wilderness study areas.
>                       "Wilderness trumps anything in the monument plan," 
> Meredith said. "It (paleontological excavations)
>                 wasn't permitted before the creation of the monument) and 
the 
> same rules apply now."
>                       Former Utah state paleontologist Dave Gillette, now a 
> researcher at the Museum of Northern Arizona,
>                 has some serious concerns about the apparent conflict 
between 
> regulations protecting wilderness study areas
>                 and mandates for scientific research. Especially 
paleontology.
> 
>                       "It is virtually impossible to conduct 
paleontological 
> research without vehicle access and without the use of
>                 mechanized equipment," Gillette said. "In my view it is an 
> impediment anytime you limit access to a research
>                 site or limit the tools that can be used." Gillette says 
the 
> science of paleontology is focused toward data that
>                 are both verifiable and repeatable. And the only way that 
can 
> happen is to maintain collections of specimens
>                 recovered through excavation.
>                       Paleontologists can look at the fossils all they 
want, 
> but if they can't analyze them in a laboratory and
>                 compare them to samples from around the world, "it defeats 
> the purpose of paleontological research," Gillette
>                 said.
>                       In fact, the leave-it-in-the-ground philosophy does 
> nothing more than "encourages the preservation of
>                 ignorance," Gillette said.
>                       Advocates for Utah wilderness say they are unaware 
that 
> wilderness designations or wilderness study
>                 areas have thwarted scientific research. In fact, they 
point 
> to endorsements by the Utah Professional
>                 Archaeological Council for large wilderness as a way to 
> reduce access and thereby preserve archaeological
>                 sites.
>                       They argue the principles of no mechanized equipment 
> and no road access should apply equally to
>                 scientific research just as any other use. And there should 
> be no exceptions for the monument.
>                       "The scientific mandates of Grand Staircase do not 
> involve large scale excavations to remove dinosaur
>                 bones or archaeological resources," said Heidi McIntosh, 
> conservation director for the Southern Utah
>                 Wilderness Alliance.
>                       "Rather, the mandate is to protect these sites. There 
> is nothing to say that sites cannot be investigated, just
>                 that there be no motorized or mechanized means. They can 
use 
> small shovels and picks and brushes."
>                       She said most research can be done by horseback 
rather 
> than trucks and that field camps can get by with
>                 primitive equipment. "Basically, they would be in there 
with 
> candles," she said.
>                       Gillette says those expectations are pretty hard to 
> meet when trying to extract fossil bone from sandstone
>                 bedrock. Paleontologists normally use jackhammers, earth 
> movers and trucks to haul away the stone blocks,
>                 many of them weighing several tons.
>                       Archaeologists also use a variety of mechanized 
> equipment in their research, although archaeological
>                 excavations often lend themselves more to shovels and 
brushes.
>  But there is still the wilderness mandate that
>                 they not disturb the ground in any substantial or 
noticeable 
> way.
>                       State archaeologist Kevin Jones said the wilderness 
> restrictions have not proven a significant obstacle to
>                 archaeological research. He's done several projects in 
> proposed wilderness areas, and horseback access has
>                 proven sufficient.
>                       "But I can see where paleontologists would have a 
much 
> tougher time," he said. "It's impossible to remove
>                 a 2000-pound block of stone with a hammer and chisel, and 
> then carry it on your back."
>                       It would also be a problem if geologists wanted to 
> drill cores to look at layered formations, or if those
>                 reconstructing ancient climates needed to drill for pollen 
> records.
>                       The apparent conflict between science and wilderness 
> has come to the attention of the Subcommittee on
>                 National Parks and Public Lands, chaired by Rep. Jim 
Hansen, 
> R-Utah. And Hansen is sympathetic to
>                 scientists' needs.
>                       "It was never the intent of the 1964 Wilderness Act 
to 
> prohibit scientific research. Absolutely not," said
>                 Allen Freemeyr, staff director for the committee. "In fact, 
> the act talks about scientific values."
>                       Freemeyr said there have been attempts in the past to 
> modify the Wilderness Act to allow for fences to
>                 protect cultural sites and signs to educate visitors about 
> their sensitivity. But every attempt was met by
>                 withering opposition from environmental groups.
>                       "I expect the same will happen if we try to address 
the 
> concerns of scientists," he said.
>                       Ironically, the 3.2 million acres of wilderness study 
> areas throughout Utah are managed according to
>                 guidelines much stricter than if they were official 
> wilderness areas. Because Congress has not acted on the
>                 study areas, land managers must apply all the rules and 
> regulations to preserve all options if and when
>                 Congress does act.
>                       If the lands were designated wilderness areas, 
> exceptions to certain rules and regulations could be written
>                 into the act. For example, the language creating the Lone 
> Peak Wilderness Area along the Wasatch Front has
>                 specific exceptions for sanitary facilities and water 
quality 
> protection.
>                       The same could be done to allow scientific research 
> inside the Grand Staircase-Escalante National
>                 Monument.
>                       Complicating the matter further, the litany of rules 
> and regulations regarding wilderness and wilderness
>                 study areas have even seasoned land managers confused.
>                       For example, one portion of the regulations states 
that 
> archaeological and paleontological excavations and
>                 other ground-disturbing activities can be allowed as 
> indicated in the "nonimpairment criteria." But when you
>                 look up that criteria, there are no exceptions for 
> paleontology or archaeology.
>                       "Bureaucratic double-speak," said one Bureau of Land 
> Management official. "It makes no sense at all."
>                       That is why different land managers interpret the 
> findings in different ways. For example, the New Mexico
>                 BLM granted Gillette a permit to excavate a huge dinosaur 
> fossil in a wilderness study area, even granting him
>                 permission to use a small earth-mover to speed the 
excavation.
> 
>                       That project, which resulted in one of the most 
> important dinosaur discoveries ever, was delayed
>                 repeatedly by legal challenges from environmentalists who 
> challenged the BLM interpretation.
>                       If Gillette wants to excavate in a proposed 
wilderness 
> area in the new monument, Meredith's
>                 interpretation might well be different.
>                       "If someone wants to dig and haul off something 
inside 
> a WSA, there will be a problem," Meredith said.
>                 "But it would be a problem whether it was a monument or 
not."
>                                                  
>  Jim Kirkland
>  State Paleontologist 
>  Utah Geological Survey
>  

--- Begin Message ---
I thought this would be of interest. Probably should be considered a new issue 
for SAFE. From today's Deseret News.

http://www.desnews.com/dn/view/1,1249,115007501,00.html?

Monument plan could doom dinosaur digs 

               Conflicts over use of area worry researcher

               By Jerry Spangler
               Deseret News staff writer

                     When President Clinton created the Grand 
Staircase-Escalante National Monument in southern Utah, he
               marveled at the paleontological treasures that would be 
preserved for scientific study.
                     In fact, he listed the study of ancient fossils as one of 
the primary reasons for creating the monument.
                     But when a final monument management plan is adopted later 
this year, almost half of the 1.9 million-acre
               monument will likely be off limits to large-scale 
paleontological excavations, as well as some archaeological
               research.
                     And there is nothing monument managers can do about it.
                     "There is no problem with going out and doing research," 
said monument manager Jerry Meredith. "But
               there could be problems if excavations were involved."
                     That's because provisions of the 1964 Wilderness Act 
preclude most activities that disturb the ground or
               use mechanized equipment. And almost 900,000 acres of the 
monument fall under provisions of the act as
               wilderness study areas.
                     "Wilderness trumps anything in the monument plan," 
Meredith said. "It (paleontological excavations)
               wasn't permitted before the creation of the monument) and the 
same rules apply now."
                     Former Utah state paleontologist Dave Gillette, now a 
researcher at the Museum of Northern Arizona,
               has some serious concerns about the apparent conflict between 
regulations protecting wilderness study areas
               and mandates for scientific research. Especially paleontology.
                     "It is virtually impossible to conduct paleontological 
research without vehicle access and without the use of
               mechanized equipment," Gillette said. "In my view it is an 
impediment anytime you limit access to a research
               site or limit the tools that can be used." Gillette says the 
science of paleontology is focused toward data that
               are both verifiable and repeatable. And the only way that can 
happen is to maintain collections of specimens
               recovered through excavation.
                     Paleontologists can look at the fossils all they want, but 
if they can't analyze them in a laboratory and
               compare them to samples from around the world, "it defeats the 
purpose of paleontological research," Gillette
               said.
                     In fact, the leave-it-in-the-ground philosophy does 
nothing more than "encourages the preservation of
               ignorance," Gillette said.
                     Advocates for Utah wilderness say they are unaware that 
wilderness designations or wilderness study
               areas have thwarted scientific research. In fact, they point to 
endorsements by the Utah Professional
               Archaeological Council for large wilderness as a way to reduce 
access and thereby preserve archaeological
               sites.
                     They argue the principles of no mechanized equipment and 
no road access should apply equally to
               scientific research just as any other use. And there should be 
no exceptions for the monument.
                     "The scientific mandates of Grand Staircase do not involve 
large scale excavations to remove dinosaur
               bones or archaeological resources," said Heidi McIntosh, 
conservation director for the Southern Utah
               Wilderness Alliance.
                     "Rather, the mandate is to protect these sites. There is 
nothing to say that sites cannot be investigated, just
               that there be no motorized or mechanized means. They can use 
small shovels and picks and brushes."
                     She said most research can be done by horseback rather 
than trucks and that field camps can get by with
               primitive equipment. "Basically, they would be in there with 
candles," she said.
                     Gillette says those expectations are pretty hard to meet 
when trying to extract fossil bone from sandstone
               bedrock. Paleontologists normally use jackhammers, earth movers 
and trucks to haul away the stone blocks,
               many of them weighing several tons.
                     Archaeologists also use a variety of mechanized equipment 
in their research, although archaeological
               excavations often lend themselves more to shovels and brushes. 
But there is still the wilderness mandate that
               they not disturb the ground in any substantial or noticeable way.
                     State archaeologist Kevin Jones said the wilderness 
restrictions have not proven a significant obstacle to
               archaeological research. He's done several projects in proposed 
wilderness areas, and horseback access has
               proven sufficient.
                     "But I can see where paleontologists would have a much 
tougher time," he said. "It's impossible to remove
               a 2000-pound block of stone with a hammer and chisel, and then 
carry it on your back."
                     It would also be a problem if geologists wanted to drill 
cores to look at layered formations, or if those
               reconstructing ancient climates needed to drill for pollen 
records.
                     The apparent conflict between science and wilderness has 
come to the attention of the Subcommittee on
               National Parks and Public Lands, chaired by Rep. Jim Hansen, 
R-Utah. And Hansen is sympathetic to
               scientists' needs.
                     "It was never the intent of the 1964 Wilderness Act to 
prohibit scientific research. Absolutely not," said
               Allen Freemeyr, staff director for the committee. "In fact, the 
act talks about scientific values."
                     Freemeyr said there have been attempts in the past to 
modify the Wilderness Act to allow for fences to
               protect cultural sites and signs to educate visitors about their 
sensitivity. But every attempt was met by
               withering opposition from environmental groups.
                     "I expect the same will happen if we try to address the 
concerns of scientists," he said.
                     Ironically, the 3.2 million acres of wilderness study 
areas throughout Utah are managed according to
               guidelines much stricter than if they were official wilderness 
areas. Because Congress has not acted on the
               study areas, land managers must apply all the rules and 
regulations to preserve all options if and when
               Congress does act.
                     If the lands were designated wilderness areas, exceptions 
to certain rules and regulations could be written
               into the act. For example, the language creating the Lone Peak 
Wilderness Area along the Wasatch Front has
               specific exceptions for sanitary facilities and water quality 
protection.
                     The same could be done to allow scientific research inside 
the Grand Staircase-Escalante National
               Monument.
                     Complicating the matter further, the litany of rules and 
regulations regarding wilderness and wilderness
               study areas have even seasoned land managers confused.
                     For example, one portion of the regulations states that 
archaeological and paleontological excavations and
               other ground-disturbing activities can be allowed as indicated 
in the "nonimpairment criteria." But when you
               look up that criteria, there are no exceptions for paleontology 
or archaeology.
                     "Bureaucratic double-speak," said one Bureau of Land 
Management official. "It makes no sense at all."
                     That is why different land managers interpret the findings 
in different ways. For example, the New Mexico
               BLM granted Gillette a permit to excavate a huge dinosaur fossil 
in a wilderness study area, even granting him
               permission to use a small earth-mover to speed the excavation.
                     That project, which resulted in one of the most important 
dinosaur discoveries ever, was delayed
               repeatedly by legal challenges from environmentalists who 
challenged the BLM interpretation.
                     If Gillette wants to excavate in a proposed wilderness 
area in the new monument, Meredith's
               interpretation might well be different.
                     "If someone wants to dig and haul off something inside a 
WSA, there will be a problem," Meredith said.
               "But it would be a problem whether it was a monument or not."
                                                
Jim Kirkland
State Paleontologist 
Utah Geological Survey

--- End Message ---